NEM 10V Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Fossorial, Nematology, Tetrapod
Nematology
Vertabrates
Part 11 Amphibia (Frogs):
• Amphibians are land-dwelling vertebrates that have a smooth moist skin.
• They spend part of their lives in water and part on land.
• They are dependent on an aquatic environment for reproduction.
• Eggs and sperm are released into water through a cloaca, a body opening that also serves
as the exit for urinary and digestive wastes.
• Their eggs do not have a shell. T
• hey are enclosed by a delicate membrane and are often surrounded by a jellylike
substance.
• Larvae of salamanders look like small adults, except for the presence of gills.
• In contrast, frog and toad larvae differ markedly from adults.
• The larvae, commonly called tadpoles, have gills and a tail, but no limbs.
• Adults have lungs and a three-chambered heart.
• In addition to breathing air, adults can absorb oxygen through their moist skin.
More Info.
• They are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class Amphibia.
• Modern amphibians are all Lissamphibia.
• They inhabit a wide variety of habitats, with most species living within terrestrial,
fossorial, arboreal or freshwater aquatic ecosystems.
• amphibians typically start out as larvae living in water..
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Document Summary
Part 11 amphibia (frogs): amphibians are land-dwelling vertebrates that have a smooth moist skin, they spend part of their lives in water and part on land. They are dependent on an aquatic environment for reproduction: eggs and sperm are released into water through a cloaca, a body opening that also serves as the exit for urinary and digestive wastes. T: hey are enclosed by a delicate membrane and are often surrounded by a jellylike substance, larvae of salamanders look like small adults, except for the presence of gills. In contrast, frog and toad larvae differ markedly from adults. The larvae, commonly called tadpoles, have gills and a tail, but no limbs: adults have lungs and a three-chambered heart. In addition to breathing air, adults can absorb oxygen through their moist skin. More info: they are ectothermic, tetrapod vertebrates of the class amphibia.
