PSC 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Konrad Lorenz, Object Permanence, Cisgender
Document Summary
Competing theories about stages/continuous, how learning occurs. Vygotsky: children learn through social and cultural influences, scaffolding. Parents give structure to children, helping them learn new skills. As skills are learned, parents remove structures: zone of proximal development, children are open to learning, but aren"t good at it yet, children ready to use scaffolding in this zone. Put doll on one side and ask what its point of view would be. 2-7 years: concrete operational children can perform mental operations, but only for actual physical events. 7-11: formal operational children can think abstractly. Can understand if then statements and think hypothetically. Cons: development now known to actually be more continuous, children can complete some of the tasks earlier than thought, some adolescents and adults fail formal operational tasks. Frontal lobes not entirely developed, so teens not as good at impulse control. Need to do stupid stuff is greater than impulse control.
