PSC 140 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cerebral Cortex, Motor Cortex, Ossification
9 May 2019
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During 1st year n triple in weight n grow 10 inches n changes in body proportion n legs lengthen, lowers center of gravity n increase in muscles n ossification of bones. Factors affecting physical growth n heredity n perceptual, motor, and physical development are strongly canalized (follows genetic growth plan unless severe environmental deprivation) n nutrition. Changes causing increases in size and weight of brain n synaptogenesis: development of new synapses between neurons n. & infancy, and then later in adolescence n synaptic pruning: selective cell death; increase efficiency, use it or lose it n. Starts prenatally as well n myelination: axons become covered in fatty cells (myelin) that speed transmission; necessary for higher levels of thought and behavior. Reaching and grasping n one of the central ways in which the infant learns about the environment n 2-3 months n n can hold an object and has voluntary control over arm movements.
