BIO SCI 35 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Xerostomia, Methadone, Buprenorphine

• School: UC-Irvine
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIO SCI 35
• Professor: Andrea Nicholas

Document Summary

The number of americans admitted to treatment programs for prescription opioids more than quadrupled from 2002 to 2012. Deaths from heroin overdoses nearly quadrupled from 2002 to 2013. Only 10 percent of those with alcohol- and substance-use disorders seek treatment. All addictive drugs develop addiction in the same way. _craving_: after repeated drug administration there is a strong desire for it. Withdrawal: lack of drug to an addicted person causes a variety of unpleasant symptoms. Tolerance: repeated administrations of a drug lead to a decreased drug effect. The _anticipatory_, conditional response helps to maintain a steady state. Unconditional stimulus (_drug_) -> unconditional response (drug response) The anticipatory, _conditional_ response helps to maintain a steady state. Conditional stimulus (drug administration ritual) -> conditional response (compensatory response) The __ response does not need to be the same as the unconditional response. The drug administration ritual eventually allows the individual to anticipate the effects of the drug and attenuate them.