CHEM 1B Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Boiling Point, Phase Diagram, X-Ray Crystallography
Document Summary
A phase diagram graphically represents the regions and boundaries between conditions at which a substance is stable as a solid, liquid, or gas. Effect of increase in pressure on the melting point of ice and boiling point of water. Higher pressure: ice mets at a lower temperature. Higher pressure: water boils at a higher temperature (clausius clapeyron equation) The critical temperature (tc) is the temperature above which gas cannot liquefy, no matter the applied pressure. The critical pressure (pc) is the minimum pressure that must be applied to bring about liquefaction at the critical temperature. Different types of ice in addition to normal hexagonal ice. Amorphous solids have no well-defined long-range arrangement of the atoms, but are approximately ordered over short distances ex. sucrose, amber, chocolate. Ordered solids have atoms arranged in a highly ordered fashion. Crystalline solids have the highest degree of order. Crystallizing molecules become increasingly more difficult if the molecules become larger.
