PSY BEH 11A Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Threshold Voltage, Axon Hillock, White Matter

• School: UC-Irvine
• Department: Psychology and Social Behavior
• Course: PSY BEH 11A
• Professor: Bruce Berg

Document Summary

Different types of neurons: peripheral neurons (on your body) Transducer (specialized cell that interacts with the real world) (ex) rods and cones: central nervous system. At the start of ontogenesis, neurons and glial cells are undifferentiated stem cells. Found in the cortex, in the brain. Basket cells, chandelier cells, bouquet cells, etc: different cells, different shapes, different functions. Pyramidal cell: the primary cell, has a pyramidal body (cell body) and accessories, proliferation. During ontogenesis, new nerve cells proliferate at rates of 250,000 cells per minute. 100 billion neurons in the adult brain with 100,000,000,000 synaptic interconnections: migration. A(cid:454)o(cid:374)s are guided to the appropriate target (cid:271)(cid:455) (cid:862)attra(cid:272)tor(cid:863) protei(cid:374)s a(cid:374)d (cid:862)repelli(cid:374)g(cid:863) e(cid:374)z(cid:455)(cid:373)es. Neuron pushes out an axon along a chemical trail of enzymes, some of which to follow and some of which to avoid: follows a chemical path, pruning. 20 80% neurons in cortex die after neurogenesis, a process referred to as pru(cid:374)i(cid:374)g. co(cid:374)(cid:374)e(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s that (cid:862)work(cid:863) (provide information) are retained.