PSYCH 139 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Reinforcement, Contingency Management, Positive Feedback
Document Summary
Reinforcement: the use of rewards and punishments that increase or decrease the likelihood of a similar response occurring in the future. Intrinsic rewards: rewards that reside within the participant: ex: pride in accomplishment and feeling competent. Schedule reinforcement effectively: schmidt and wrisberg study, found that giving feedback after every attempt (continuous--100%) war far better for performance during practice than giving it after every other attempt (intermittent--50%) Guidelines for using punishment: punishment can control and change negative behavior and to improve learning/performance. Rewards that people perceive as controlling their behavior or as suggesting that they are not competent decrease intrinsic motivation. Informational aspect: affects intrinsic motivation by altering how competent someone feels, rewards that emphasize the informational aspect and provide positive feedback about competence increase intrinsic motivation. Involve participants in decision making: allow participants more responsibility for making decisions and rules to increase their perception of control and lead to feelings of personal accomplishment, set realistic performance goals.
