BSC 1005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Dna Replication, Hela, G1 Phase

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pinkrhinoceros645

30 Nov 2017

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Mitosis, diploid, haploid, cell cycle, replication, chromatids, centromere, chromatin, Chromosome number: sum of total number of chromosomes in a cell (46 in human cell) Sex cells (gametes) of most animals are haploids. Diploid cells: made up of two sets of 23 chromosomes each [2n] diploid (n=23) Haploid cells: have only one set of 23 chromosomes. Mitosis is a nuclear division mechanism that maintains the chromosome number. A single parent cell becomes two, new identical daughter cells. The eukaryotic cell cycle and mitosis cell cycle: G1 gap 1 : cell growth before dna replication. Mitosis: division of nucleus (prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase) Two sister chromatids make up one chromosomes connected by centromere. Daughter chromosomes (formerly sister chromatids) move to opposite poles. Vesicles appear across the plane and gradually fuse to form a cell plate. Multicelled organisms grow, repair dead or damaged cells and tissues by mitosis. A fertilized egg (zygote) undergoes mitosis to accomplish growth.

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Part A:

In prokaryotes and eukaryotes cell reproduction is similar in that it requires some kind of signal to proceed, DNA replication, careful separation of the DNA into two equal portions, and division of the cytoplasm. How is cell reproduction different in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Select one:

a. In a eukaryotic organism, the signals for cell division are usually not related to the environment but to the function of the entire organism.

b. Eukaryotic cells constantly divide whenever environmental conditions are adequate and the cells are large enough.

c. The linear chromosomes in prokaryotes are constantly being updated.

d. Prokaryotic cell division requires cytokinesis before mitosis because of their small size.

e. The sexual phase of most prokaryotes (bacteria) is essential to the rapid cell division required for infection.

Part B:

What does the name Cyclin Dependent Kinase stand for?

Select one:

a. A protein important to the cell cycle that is dependent on DNA synthesis.

b. An enzyme that cuts DNA so that chromosomes can segregate.

c. An enzyme that phosphorylates other proteins using ATP only when the protein Cyclin is bound to the enzyme.

d. An enzyme that rolls along microtubules dragging a vesicle.

e. An enzyme that connects chromosomes to the spindle fiber.

Part C:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Mitosis can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase

b. Anaphase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Prophase/Telophase

c. Metaphase/Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase

d. Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase/Anaphase

e. Anaphase/Telophase/Prophase/Prometaphase/Metaphase

Part D:

The Cell Cycle is divided into Mitosis, Cytokinesis, and Interphase. Interphase can be ordered into the following phases:

Select one:

a. S/G1/G2

b. G2/G1/S

c. G1/S/G2

d. G2/S/G1

e. G1/G2/S

amethystyak657

If the diploid chromosome number is 12, each cell has as 6 x 10 -6 grms of DNA, how many chromosomes, chromatids and DNA would you find in the following stages of cell division of a cell. (Assume cytokinesis after anaphase)

Stage of Cell Division	# of Chromosomes	# of chromatids	Amount of DNA
Prophase of mitosis
Prophase of meiosis I
Metaphase of mitosis
Anaphase of mitosis
Metaphase of meiosis I
Anaphase of meiosis I
Telophase of mitosis
Telophase of meiosis I
Metaphase of meiosis II
Telophase of meiosis II

turquoisecrow717

Which of the following statements are false about the comparison between mitosis and meiosis? Select all. that apply.

1.Two cytokinesis events occur in mitosis but only one in meiosis

2.Meiosis results in half the number of homologous chromosome pairs as the original cell whereas mitosis has the same number as the original cell

3. Mitosis occurs in somatic cells while meiosis only occurs in germ cells

4.Both haploid and diploid cells undergo mitosis and meiosis

5.Both mitosis and meiosis have one round of DNA replication in the preceding Interphase period

6. Chromosomes undergo disjunction in mitosis but not in meiosis

7.Meiosis leads to a reductive division in the number of chromosomes whereas mitosis does not

Thank you!

BSC 1005 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Dna Replication, Hela, G1 Phase

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