PHI 2010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Sagan Standard, Deductive Reasoning, Mathematical Induction
Document Summary
Distinguish the statements that are premises from the conclusion. Determine whether arguments are inductive or deductive. Identify the kind of inductive or deductive argument with which you are dealing. Usually uses conclusion indicators: therefore or because . Premises: claims you are expected to accept, you believe them or agree with them. Conclusion = what you"re trying to sell. Deductive: attempts to offer conclusive proof for its conclusion. Inductive argument: the premises show that the conclusion is likely based on patterns or resemblances. Makes an analogy (since the last 5 months were hot and sunny, tomorrow is likely to be hot and sunny) A strong induction will have a wide sample, a representative sample. A sound argument is a solid foundation with valid premises to back it. Hasty generalization: small sample don"t take philosophy, that philosophy book i picked up was so boring i couldn"t read past the first page .
