CFD 1220 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Pulmonary Artery, Venae Cavae, Pulmonary Circulation
1 May 2018
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Chapter 15- Cardiovascular Health
Cardiovascular Health
• Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States
o Affects nearly 81 million Americans
o Claims one life every 34 seconds
▪ More than 2,500 Americans every day
o CVD is largely due to our way of life
The Cardiovascular System
• The heart
o Pulmonary circulation: right side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs
o Systemic circulation: left side of the heart pumps blood through the rest of the body
o Path of blood flow:
1. Venae cavae
2. Right atrium
3. Right ventricle
4. Pulmonary artery to lungs
5. Pulmonary Vein
6. Left Atrium
7. Left Ventricle
8. Aorta
o The heartbeat is controlled by nerve impulses
▪ Diastole: period of relaxation
▪ Systole: heart’s contraction
o Blood pressure: force exerted by the blood on the walls of blood vessels
• The blood vessels
o Veins carry blood to the heart
▪ Thin walls
o Arteries carry blood away from the heart
▪ Thick elastic walls that expand and relax with the volume of blood
▪ Coronary arteries
• Two large vessels that supply blood to the heart
▪ Capillaries and small veins (venules)
Touring the Cardiorespiratory System
➢ Picture
➢ Picture
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
• Two categories of increased CVD risk:
o Major risk factors and contributing risk factors
• Modifiable risk factors:
o Tobacco use
o High blood pressure
o High levels of cholesterol
o Physical inactivity
o Obesity
o Diabetes
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