ANSC 3323 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Microinjection, Transgene, Cloning
Document Summary
Week 1 lecture 1 overview of embryo biotechnologies tuesday 8/30/16. Gmo = organism with a foreign gene inserted in the genome by artificial means. Everyone is genetically modified": viral genomic sequences are foreign" to our genome, we are all (at least) mosaic-transgenic. Some cells have the foreign gene, some don"t. Methods for generation of transgenics: direct microinjection. Early embryo microinjection: cloning using transfected cells, retroviral vector, sperm vector, embryonic stem cells, transgene integration. Our chromosomes break all the time and are repaired all the time. Fairly easy to insert new genes into the breaks in chromosomes, etc. How does transgenics work: transfer of injected egg into surrogate mothers, screen offspring for expression of a transgene, transgene is then inherited in a mendelian fashion. Why transgenics: bioreactors insulin, etc. Use of plant/animal genome to apply to medical issues in the human genome: organ/cell/tissue donors. Pigs are physiologically closest to humans (we can use pig-organs for human transplantation)
