HIST 1400 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Italian Fascism, Central Powers, Mein Kampf
Notes 4/11/18
● Interwar challenges to Liberalism II: Fascism and the Challenge from the Right
○ End of WW1
■ Germany out
● Leaves Central Powers essentially weak
■ Military hands govt. Over to parliament (Reichstag)
● Democratic
● Forces them to surrender in the war
■ Military says they are stabbed in the back and that they were “about to
win”
● Blames parliament for loss
○ Not true
■ Freepore is created
● Groups of military veterans ordered to take out communist/
sympathizers
○ Mussolini and Italian Fascism
■ Mussolini comes to power in 1922
● Leads pro war faction
● Fights in war as soldier
● Inspired by Russian Revolution to create fascist party
■ Italians go to war in WW1
● Awful army
○ Fighting on the defensive
■ Uses influence as a Veteran to rally people around him (Mussolini)
● Them or the communists
■ March on Rome
● 10,000 march on rome
● King is Persuaded to nominate Mussolini to Prime minister
○ Gives power to fascists to parliament
■ Fascism
● Third Way
○ Not socialism or capitalism
○ Economic and Political System
■ Political
● Leader dominated
● National Struggle
○ German Nazism
■ Hitler
● From Austria
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Document Summary
Interwar challenges to liberalism ii: fascism and the challenge from the right. Forces them to surrender in the war. Military says they are stabbed in the back and that they were about to win . Groups of military veterans ordered to take out communist/ Inspired by russian revolution to create fascist party. Uses influence as a veteran to rally people around him (mussolini) King is persuaded to nominate mussolini to prime minister. Hired to spy on fringe right wing group. Right wing guy for his whole life. Arrested for trying to take over munich hall. Italy and russia are not hit by great depression (fun fact) Hitler begins to gain ground in elections. Can"t agree, he can use dictate power to overrule. Nazis gain largest number of seats in next election. Hitler takes over both president and pm. Hitler believes people in northern india who are the aryans create civilization. Hitler believes the only ones left are the germans.
