PNB 2250 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Hydrogen Sulfide, Bond Energy, Oxidative Phosphorylation
26 Sep 2016
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Background: respiration and circulation required energy. Found in chemical bond energy: all cells require continuous supply of energy. All cells require oxygen and produce carbon dioxide: animals must provide. Caloric values: kcal- amount of energy needed to raise temperature of water, proteins = 4. 2 kcal/gm. Must lost nitrogen to convert to other forms. Feed into glycolysis, kreb"s cycle and oxidative phosphorylation: chos = 4. 5 kcal/gm (carbohydrates) Production of carbon dioxide, requirement of oxygen: fats =9 kcal/gm. Homeostasis: maintenance of internal environment, supply of oxygen, food, nutrients, requires constant energy input. Food= energy: loss of waste products. Energy sources: ultimate energy source= the sun. Glucose: primary- plants and animals, exceptions. Bringing food inside the body: digestion (inner) Converting large complex molecules into building block- catabolism: nutrition (inner) Absorbing needed organic molecules, ions: waste loss (outward) All animals have enzymatic machinery to generate atp from the metabolism of glucose, all life uses atp: glycolysis, citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation.
