PNB 2264 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Active Transport, Cirrhosis, Globulin
16 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
We have discussed how neurons communicate and control homeostasis. We will now discuss how cells communicate with blood-borne chemical signals. Known as hormones and part of the endocrine system. Regulated secretion of extracellular signal: operational term, applies to anything secreted into the blood that regulates cells some distance away. Diffusion of signal into blood and circulation throughout body: key is movement of blood. Inner secretion sensory cells afferent cns input efferent response. Exocrine: outer secretion same except to hollow organs, surface. Paracrine: next to secretion same except to neighbors. Signal last msec in ns, minutes in endocrine system. Neurotransmitters and hormones are released by cells and neurons. Hormones are released into blood instead of synapse. Release of both nt and hormones can be signaled by brain. Control of blood solutes: glucose, na+, ca2+ and free fatty acids. Control of behavipr: emotions, mood, reproductive activites. Growth and development: body size, muscle mass, bone size etc.
