ANTH 2 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: The Giving Tree, Determinism, Curupira
Document Summary
Foraging: obtain food by searching for it as opposed to growing or raising it. Horticulture: cultivation of gardens or small fields to meet basic needs of a household. Pastoralism: mode of animal husbandry- breeding, care & use of domesticated herding (cattle, camels, goats, horses, llama, reindeer & yaks) For 99% of the time humans have existed, we"ve been foragers. Until about 10000 years ago, humans lived by foraging. Relies on food naturally available in environment- hunting, fishing, gathering. Most sustainable and egalitarian: foragers: the inuit and san people. Arctic of greenland: hunting & fishing large animals. Kalahari desert in s africa: mostly gathered foods, hunting. Limited cultivation of crops or domestication of animals. Similarities: highly adapted, social organization (bands), low population density, norms of reciprocity. Differences: egalitarian but gender inequality exists, responses to diff environments affect social organization: horticulture: producing plants using non-mechanized technology, or shifting cultivation.
