ESS 3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Naloxone, Mesolimbic Pathway, Substance P
Document Summary
1832 codeine, other major component of opium, isolated and used in cough syrup and patent meds. The major growing areas are afghanistan and golden triangle. Golden triangle herin, aka chna white can be up tp 99% pure. In 80s, mexican heroin known as tar or black tar took ovdr majority of us market. 90s, colombian cocaine catels started bringng in heroin. Physicians prescribe opioids to deaden pain, control diarrhea, and stop coughing. Non-medically, used to drown out emoional pain, get rush, induce euphoria, prevent withdrawal. Pain is a warning signal telling us when we are in harm"s way or being damaged physically. Opiate/opioid drugs are efecive because they act like the body"s endogenous painkillers (enkephalins and endorphins) Severe stress alone can acivate natural endorphins to miigate emoional pain. Pain messages are small changes in chemical structure. Opioids inhibit acion of gaba increasing acivaion of reward pathway. Heroin has the strongest efect on the reward pathway.
