MMW 11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Bipedalism

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goldtortoise541

8 Dec 2018

School

UCSD

Department

Making of the Modern World

Course

MMW 11

Professor

David Jordan

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10/1/18

Classicalversusevolutionarylenses(logicallyincompatible)

Classical:

➢Designedtobeuniversal(alllivingthings)

➢Higherlevelcategoriesofplants/animalsarethendividedintolowerlevel

categories

➢Kingdom,branch,genus,species,etc.

➢Orig.fourlevels

➢BasedonSTRUCturE

➢BasedonHOMOLOGOUSnotANALOGOUS

○ Analogoussimilarinfunction(batsandbird,bothcanfly)

○ Homologoussimilarinstructure(batwingslikehumanfingers)(not

whatdoing,howstuffisbuilt)

➢Bcdesignedtocoverall,criteriaisdifferentindifferentplacesinhierarchy

○ Distinguishtulipandhydrangeaversusdistinguishhuman/worm

➢Allprimateshavecharacteristicsthatarebothsharedanddistinguish

betweenotherspecies

○ Shapeofbraindistinguishes,forwardlookingeyes(w/boneridges)

middleearstructure,teetheasytofind,etc.

➢Orderingisaprob:orderingthecriteria.Whichtakespriority?Fingersor

earsporejemplo.

○ Especiallyaprobifonlypartialskeletonorremains

○ Doesn’taccommodateevolutionarychangeassumedtobeSTATIC

➢Describedasapelikeifoldbcwedonthavethewords.

➢Classificationisaproblumporseparatespecies?

○ IsitjustenoughlikespeciesAorisitjustdifferentenoughto

becomespeciesB?



Evolutionists:

● Nolabels

● Haygeneticmutation

○ Assumptionthatgen.Mut.israndom

○ Notclearhowitworks

○ Producesgen.Variationinthepop

● Adaptationtotheenvironment

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2. Inductive reasoning in science:

a) is often part of the discovery process

b) proceeds from specific observations to general conclusions

c) is complementary to deductive reasoning

d) often relies on descriptive science

e) all of the above

3. A proton is a subatomic particle with:

a) a negative charge and an atomic mass of 1

b) a negative charge and a negligible mass

c) a positive charge and an atomic mass of 1

d) no charge and an atomic mass of 1

e) no charge and a negligible mass

4. Nonpolar covalent bonds are formed when:

a) electrons are shared equally by atoms

b) electrons are shared unequally by atoms

c) electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another

d) two atoms both lose electrons

e) a negative pole of one atom is attracted to a positive pole of another atom

5. Hydrogen bonds are formed when:

a) electrons are shared equally by atoms

b) electrons are shared unequally by atoms

c) electrons are transferred completely from one atom to another

d) two atoms both lose electrons

e) a negative end of one molecule is attracted to a positive end of another molecule

6. Compared with a solution of pH = 4, a solution with pH = 6 is:

a) 2 times less acidic

b) 10 times more acidic

c) 100 times more acidic

d) 10 times less acidic

e) 100 times less acidic

7. Nucleotides are formed from:

a) 3 fatty acids and a glycerol

b) 3 monosaccharides and a glycerol

c) a fatty acid, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

d) a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

e) an amino acid, a pentose sugar, and 1 or more phosphate groups

8. Which nucleotide base is found in RNA, but not in DNA?

a) adenine

b) cytosine

c) guanine

d) thymine

e) uracil

9. The correct sequence for the levels in the taxonomic hierarchy is:

a) domain â class â order â kingdom â phylum â genus â family â species

b) kingdom â domain â class â phylum â order â family â genus â species

c) domain â kingdom â phylum â class â order â family â genus â species

d) domain â kingdom â phylum â class â order â genus â family â species

e) phylum â kingdom â domain â order â class â genus â family â species

10. The outer (valence) shell of an atom can hold a maximum of:

a) 4 electrons

b) 6 electrons

c) 8 electrons

d) 12 electrons

e) 18 electrons

11. Which of the following is not true of lipids?

a) they are a diverse group of biological molecules

b) they are hydrophobic

c) they are less oxidized than carbohydrates

d) they are strongly polar

e) they can store more energy than carbohydrates

coralcattle151

For a Bryophytaplant

Species binomial
Common name (if any exists)
Family
Class
Phylum or Division
Kingdom or Domain
Natural habitat & range
Synopsis of habits/features (not to exceed 1/2 page singlespaced or one page double spaced!)
Impact on human society (economic, medical, agricultural etc.--keep it short!)
Bibliography

Here's what one goodreport could look like:

1. Prosopisvelutina

2. Mesquite, Velvetmesquite

3. FamilyLeguminosae

4. ClassDicotyledones

5. DivisionAnthophyta

6. KingdomPlantae

ochreherring820

Yellow seeds on a pea plant are an example of a/an ______.

Question 40 options:

element.

2)	phenotype.

3)	environmental factor.

genotype.

allele.

A plant that produces white flowers is crossed to a plant that produces orange flowers. All of the offspring produced white flowers. What can you conclude?

Question 41 options:

1)	Orange flower color is the dominant phenotype.

2)	White flower color is the dominant phenotype.

3)	The genes for flower color do not assort independently.

4)	The genes for flower color are on separate chromosomes.

Save

Question 42 (1 point)

What units are bonded together to make a strand of DNA?

Question 42 options:

Proteins

Enzymes

Cells

4)	Nucleotides

5)	Chromatids

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Question 43 (1 point)

Many modern-day trees are tall because ______.

Question 43 options:

1)	it is easier for tall tress to obtain water.

2)	tall tress obtain more sunlight, so they produce more offspring than short trees.

3)	tall trees offer less wind resistance.

4)	tall trees are less affected by disease.

Save

Question 44 (1 point)

An organismâs phenotype includes ______.

Question 44 options:

1)	its physical characteristics.

2)	its behavior.

3)	none of the above.

4)	both A and B.

Save

Question 45 (1 point)

Which of these is a correct order of taxonomic categories from less specific to more specific?

Question 45 options:

1)	Kingdom domain phylum order class family genus

2)	Domain phylum kingdom order class family genus

3)	Domain kingdom phylum class order family genus

4)	Domain kingdom class phylum order family genus

5)	Kingdom domain phylum class family order genus

Save

Question 46 (1 point)

In the scientific name of humans, Homo sapiens, the name âsapiensâ is the ______.

Question 46 options:

class.

species.

genus.

order.

family.

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Question 47 (1 point)

Cells occur singly and have a nucleus and other organelles, including chloroplasts. These cells move with flagella. They are ______.

Question 47 options:

bacteria.

protists.

archaea.

fungi.

5)	two of these are possible.

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Question 48 (1 point)

Cilia are ______.

Question 48 options:

1)	the cytoplasmic extensions or false feet used by some cell types for locomotion.

2)	different kinds of cells each designed to perform a different function.

3)	the circular chromosomes of bacteria.

4)	many short hair-like cellular extensions found on the surface of some protists.

5)	a few long whip-like extensions, used by protists for locomotion.

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Question 49 (1 point)

The state of having more than two full sets of chromosomes is called ______.

Question 49 options:

1)	autosomal.

dominant.

3)	polyploidy.

4)	aneuploidy.

5)	nondisjunction.

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Question 50 (1 point)

Which of the following occurs in mitosis but NOT in meiosis?

Question 50 options:

1)	Cells genetically identical to parents are made.

2)	Crossing over.

3)	Independent assortment of chromosomes.

4)	Pairing up of similar chromosomes during prophase.

Yellow seeds on a pea plant are an example of a/an ______.

Question 40 options:

element.

2)	phenotype.

3)	environmental factor.

genotype.

allele.

MMW 11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Bipedalism

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