MMW 15 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Main Source, Per Capita Income
2 Jun 2018
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Course
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Lecture 23 – Development Failures: Nigeria
❖ Africa: Grim Statistics
• The Three Goals
o Economic Growth
▪ ’s populatio of U.“. ad 6% GNP
▪ 10% global population/2% trade
o Socially Inclusive Growth
▪ $500/yr per capita
▪ 50% live in poverty (26% global avg.)
▪ Poverty increasing since 1970
o Political Stability
▪ 50 military coups since 1960
▪ Mostly authoritarian regimes
❖ Nigerian Case Study
• Nigeria in 1960: Promising Beginnings
o Advantages:
▪ Rich Natural Resources: Oil and Cocoa
▪ Gradual peaceful transition to Post-Colonial Democratic
Government
▪ Skilled political elite
o Disadvantages:
▪ Poverty, illiteracy, low economic development
• Nigeria Today: Discouraging Results
o Politial Istailit: Peaet Tasitio
▪ 5 coups, 2 failed democracies, civil war
▪ 10,000 dead since 1999 in ethnic/religious violence
▪ uosolidated deoa sie 999
o No Reduction in Poverty
▪ Per capita income: $250/year
o Economic growth
▪ Limited/linked to oil
❖ What Went Wrong?
• Major Obstacles to Development Success
o Heterogeneous Population: Ethnic, Religious, Geographic
▪ 250 tribal groups, 248 languages: 3 ethnic groups = 70%
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