PSYC 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: John Bowlby
• Predictor of emotion managements
o Knowledge of family
▪ Do you know where grandparents grew up
▪ Do you know an illness/smt rly terrible that
happened in your family
▪ Do you know where your parents met?
o Theories of why:
▪ Sign of Maturity
▪ Understanding Parent’s perspective
• Delay of gratification
o 4yr old Marshmallow test
o Factors:
o Hunger
o Kids didn’t want two marshmallows
• Key findings of marshmallow
o Predicts long term academic outcomes
o Children can be taught strategies for delay of
gratification
▪ Pretend marshmallow is just a picture
o Children won’t delay gratification without trust
▪ “If you don’t eat now, then you get two”
▪ Lying researcher -> make children eat
marshmallow right away
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• Attachment
o Infants form emotional connections with specific people
o Types of relationships early doesn’t determine the future, just
tendencies
• Bowlby
o Infant has inborn attachment system
o Helps protect child
▪ Child motivated to stay close
• Likes what’s familiar to us
▪ Crying and smiling bring caregiver closer
• Survival tactic
• Ainsworth
o Individual differences in attachment
o Some emotional connections are better than others
▪ Caregivers are secure base for exploration
