PSYC 154 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Reinforcement, Foodborne Illness, Conditioned Taste Aversion
Document Summary
Was established by skinner in lab research and over 40 years of human research. Importance not appreciated during skinner"s time because it challenged popular ideologies (predetermination) Is a component of many (most) behavior modification procedures. Most of our behaviors are based on contingencies, so to change behavior need to change contingencies. Increase in frequency, duration, intensity, or quickness (a decrease in latency) Positive reinforcement- introduce something (introduction of a stimulus) in order to increase behavior. Negative reinforcement- take something away (removal of stimulus) from situation in order to increase behavior. Ex) lower volume of annoying music each time behavior occurs. Escape- behavior results in termination/escape from aversive stimulus. Avoidance- behavior results in prevention of aversive stimulus. Both strengthen behavior, make it more likely to occur in the future. Push power button on remote (assuming it"s off and you want to turn it on) Umbrella, slap mosquito, putting coat on when it"s raining.
