ENWC314 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Surface Runoff, Water Cycle, Typset And Runoff
15 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
Us water consumption: 4,784 m3 per capita per year in 2014 in us values in e3 km3/yr. Rates of water withdrawn from surface and groundwater sources, and consumption per individual for representative countries: us consumers over 2000 cubic meters of water per year per capita; larger water consumer. Other human impacts: as pop growth goes up, other things go up such as reactive nitrogen. Terrestrial impacts too much n: may initially increase forest productivity, too much nitrogen can: Produce acidic nitrate runoff to streams reduce tree growth: nitrate runoff from forests contributes to acidification of streams and lakes. Galloway et al 2003global population (billions)reactive n creation (teragrams n/year)globalpopulationhaber-boscho: burning coal causes sulfates in the air. Model results showing the connection between reductions in n and s emissions (atmospheric sources) and ecosystem conditions. Acid rain = s and n in atmosphere: need regulations to get sulfates down. Sulfates in the us have been decreasing in recent years.
