CHM 2045 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Trigonal Bipyramidal Molecular Geometry, Lone Pair, Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry

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burgundypug950

28 Feb 2017

School

University of Florida

Department

Chemistry

Course

CHM 2045

Professor

Korolev Maria

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Document Summary

Write the number of valence electrons in the molecule. Write the least electronegative atom in the center and surround it with more electronegative atoms: write the number of valence electrons that each outer element has. Then attempt to fill valence electrons by the octet rule. Use formal charge to check if the structure is completed or not: period 3 and lower can have more than 8 valence electrons. Bond order is the number of bonds that a molecule has: 1- single bond, 2- double bond, 3- triple bond". Calculated by the number of visible bonds divided by the number of bond locations fractional bond order means that there is a resonance structure. Two electron groups create a linear shape. Three electron groups is - trigonal planar. 6 group geometry linear (180 degrees) trigonal planar (120 degrees) tetrahedral (109. 5 degrees) Clicker question: list the following in order of increasing bond angle:

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Please Help me!

1. First you need to find the number of valence electrons inNH2Cl2. For counting purposes with Lewis

structures, the number of valence electrons in an atom of a maingroup element is equal to the last digit

in the group number of that element in the Periodic Table.

N is in Group ____________ H is in Group ____________ Cl is inGroup ____________

In NH2Cl there is a total of ____________ valence electrons.

2. The model consists of balls and sticks. How many holes shouldbe in the ball you select for the N atom?

____________ the H atoms? ____________ the Cl atom? ____________The electrons in the molecule are

paired, and each stick represents a valence electron pair. Howmany sticks do you need? ____________

3. Assemble a skeleton structure for the molecule, connectingthe balls and sticks to make one unit. Use the

rule that N atoms form three bonds, whereas Cl and H atomsusually form only one. Draw a sketch of

the skeleton below:

4. How many sticks did you need to make the skeletonstructure?____________ How many sticks are left

over? ____________ If your model is to obey the octet rule, eachball must have four sticks in it (except

for hydrogen atom balls, which need and can only have one).(Each atom in an octet rule species is sur-

rounded by four pairs of electrons.) How many holes remain to befilled?____________ Fill them with

the remaining sticks, which represent nonbonding electron pairs.Draw the complete Lewis structure for

NH2Cl using lines for bonds and pairs of dots for nonbondingelectrons.

5. Describe the geometry of the model, which is that of NH2Cl.____________ Is the NH2Cl molecule

polar? ____________ Why?

Would you expect NH2Cl to have any isomeric forms? ____________Explain your reasoning.

6. Would NH2Cl have any resonance structures? ____________ Ifso, draw them below.

CHM 2045 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Trigonal Bipyramidal Molecular Geometry, Lone Pair, Trigonal Planar Molecular Geometry

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