HSC 4133 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Vaginal Bleeding, Epididymis, Frotteurism
28 May 2018
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Miranda Goss
HSC4133
HSC4133 notes (exam 2)
module 7 → love and sexual intimacy
• love
o difficult to define and/or measure
▪ special attitude with behavioral and emotional components
▪ different things to different people
• types of love
o passionate love (romantic love)
▪ state of extreme absorption in another person
▪ characterized by intense feelings and physiological arousal
▪ generally, short-lived
o companionate love
▪ characterized by friendly affection and deep attachment based on extensive
familiarity with the loved one
▪ less intense than passionate love
▪ communication enhances sexual pleasure which strengthens the overall bond
o Sternberg triangular theory of love
▪ 3 components
• Passion → motivational component
• Intimacy → emotional component
• Commitment → cognitive component
▪ Variations in components yield different kinds of love
• Liking (intimacy alone)
• Companionate love = intimacy + commitment
• Empty love (commitment alone)
• Fatuous love = passion + commitment
• Infatuation (passion alone)
• romantic love = intimacy + passion
• consummate love = intimacy + passion + commitment
o Lee’s styles of love
▪ Eros → romantic
▪ Ludus → game playing
▪ Mania → possessive
▪ Storge → companionate
▪ Agape → altruistic
▪ Pragma → pragmatic
• Falling in love
o Factors that influence attraction
▪ Chemistry
• Brain chemicals
o Norepinephrine
o Dopamine
o Phenylethylamine (PEA)
o Endorphins
o Oxytocin
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Miranda Goss
HSC4133
▪ Proximity
• “mere exposure effect” → familiarity breeds liking or loving
• Greater proximity often reflects shared interests
▪ Similarity
• Share common beliefs, values, attitudes, interests, intellectual abilities
• Level of physical attractiveness
• Age, educational status, religious affiliation
• Race and ethnicity
▪ Reciprocity → principle that when an individual is the recipient of expressions of
liking or loving, he/she tends to respond in kind
• Increases self-esteem and sense of belonging
▪ Physical attractiveness
• Plays dominant role in attracting lovers to each other
• Some people perceive physically attractive individuals as more likeable,
interesting, sensitive, poised, happy, sexy, competent, socially skilled
• Some people believe physically attractive people have more to offer in
terms of desirable personal qualities
• Some people re attracted to physically attractive people because they feel
it will offer them status by association
• Some people consider physical beauty an indicator of health
• Men place greater emphasis on physical attractiveness than women
• Love and styles of attachment
o Attachment → an intense emotional tie between 2 individuals
o Adult attachments are influenced by individuals’ attachment to caregivers in infancy
o Mary Ainsworth used laboratory procedure labeled “strange situation” and assessed 12-
18 month-old infants’ behavior
• Attachment styles
o Ainsworth
▪ Infants reacted differently to the “strange situations”
▪ 3 styles of attachments
• Secure attachment
o Slightly upset when mothers left room but appeared to feel safe
and certain their mothers would return
o When mothers returned, child sought contact and often
continued exploring environment
• Anxious-ambivalent insecure attachment
o Severely distressed when mothers left room and did not seem
reassured or happy when they returned
o In some cases, rejected conform
• Avoidant-insecure attachment
o Tended to avoid mothers and did not seek comfort or contact
• Issues in loving relationships
o Relationship between love and sex
▪ Relationship between love and sex is not always clear
• Consider “hook-ups” and “friends with benefits”
▪ Gender differences in how relationships are viewed
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Miranda Goss
HSC4133
• May be due, in part, to cultural factors that socialize women to link love
and sexual desire more closely than men do
Module 8 (sexual orientation)
• Sexual orientation
o Sexual orientation is an essential human quality
o Individuals have the right to accept, acknowledge, and live in accordance with their
sexual orientation, be they bisexual, heterosexual, gay, or lesbian
o The legal system should guarantee the civil rights and protection of all people, regardless
of sexual orientation
o Prejudice and discrimination based on sexual orientation is unconscionable
• Continuum of sexual orientations
o Specific orientation can include whether an individual:
▪ Engages in sexual behavior with men, women, both, or neither
▪ Feels sexual desire for men, women, both, or neither
▪ Falls in love with men, women, both, or neither
▪ Identifies him/herself with a specific sexual orientation
o Primary erotic, psychological, emotional, and social orientation
▪ Heterosexuality
▪ Homosexuality → exclusive and consistent attraction to and involvement with
same-sex partners
• Gay and lesbian
• Rates vary from study to study
o Range from 1-3% for women and almost 2-5% for men
▪ Bisexuality → sexual attraction to both men and women
• Limited research
• More women than men feel sexual attraction to both sexes
• Lack of acceptance by the gay and lesbian community
▪ Asexuality → no sexual attraction
• Unlike celibacy, which a person can choose, asexuality is an intrinsic
part of who we are
• Most asexual men and women have been asexual their entire lives
• Most asexuals do not feel distressed about their asexuality
• Most asexuals have never engaged in sexual intercourse
• Most asexual men and women masturbate
o Heterosexuality and homosexuality were coined by Dr. Karl Kertbeny
• Kinsey’s heterosexual-homosexual rating scale
o 0 → exclusive contact with and erotic attraction to the other sex
o 6 → exclusive contact with and erotic attraction to the same sex
• Sexual fluidity
o Variability in attraction at various times and situations
o For women – sexual fluidity is more common
o For men – sexual fluidity is much less common
• Determination of sexual orientation
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Intimacy emotional component: commitment cognitive component, variations in components yield different kinds of love, liking (intimacy alone, companionate love = intimacy + commitment, empty love (commitment alone, fatuous love = passion + commitment. 18 month-old infants" behavior: attachment styles, ainsworth. In some cases, rejected conform: avoidant-insecure attachment, tended to avoid mothers and did not seek comfort or contact. Issues in loving relationships: relationship between love and sex, relationship between love and sex is not always clear, consider hook-ups and friends with benefits , gender differences in how relationships are viewed. Hsc4133: may be due, in part, to cultural factors that socialize women to link love and sexual desire more closely than men do. Module 8 (sexual orientation: sexual orientation, sexual orientation is an essential human quality. Hsc4133: psychological theories focus on role of life experiences, parenting patterns, or psychological attributes of individual, attempt to explain the cause of homosexuality, theories.
