PSYC 1101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Prefrontal Cortex, In-Group Favoritism, Deindividuation
14 Sep 2016
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Document Summary
The need for interpersonal attachments is a fundamental motive that has evolved for adaptive purposes. One of the successful strategies that humans evolved was to live in social groups. People are motivated to maintain good relations with members of their groups. But group living causes other groups to compete for the same limited resources. Those groups to which particular people belong are ingroups. Those to which they do not belong are outgroups. Two conditions appear to be critical for group formation: reciprocity and transitivity: reciprocity- means that if person a helps person b, then person b will help. Person a: transitivity- people generally share their friends" opinion of other people. If person a and person b are friends, then if person a likes person c and dislikes person d, then person b will also tend to like person c and dislike person d. Outgroup homogeneity effect- people tend to view outgroup members as less varied than ingroup members.
