EPSY 100 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Sickle Cell Trait, Egg Cell, Twin
12 Feb 2020
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Mitosis: process by which dna replicates itself and forms new cells with identical genetics materials. Meiosis: process by which sex cells (gametes: sperm and ova reproduce. Zygote: formed when sperm and ovum join. Contains 46 chromosomes (half from each parent) 23rd pair: sex chromosomes (x or y). Dizygotic twins (dz): more then one ovum is released and each is fertilized by a different sperm. Monozygotic twins (mz): one zygote splits into 2 distinct separate but identical zygotes. Dominant-recessive inheritance: some genes are dominant and always expressed; others are recessive and only expressed if paired with another recessive gene. Polygenic inheritance: traits formed through interaction of many genes. Genomic imprinting: expression of gene is determined by whether it is inherited from mother or father. Conducting family history of heritable disorders to determine risk of genetic defects and chromosomal abnormalities. Testing done to assess for genetic defects and chromosomal abnormalities. Therapies administered prenatally to reduce effects of genetic abnormalities.
