13
Which of the two major categories of the chemical reactions in photosynthesis is oxygen the INDIRECT product?
A
Glycolysis
B
Oxidative phosphorylation
C
Both light and dark
D
Light independent phase (LIP)
E
Light dependent phase (LDP)
14
You have a stomach flu characterized by vomiting. Which of the following systems is most responsible for the food in your stomach going the wrong way, e.g. vomiting? (Disregard this question and answer choice B)
A
Cardiac Muscle in the large intestine as discussed in class.
B
Smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract
C
Smooth muscle in the blood vessels
D
Skeletal muscle in the intestine
15
Proteins are made from which of the following smaller sub units?
A
Nucleotides
B
Amino acids that cannot enter the blood stream and go to cells
C
Monosaccharides
D
Fatty acids
E
Amino acids which can form new protein
16
Carbohydrates are digested in the gastrointestinal system into which of the following substances that is the smallest structure?
A
Polysaccharides that are produced by glucagon
B
Monosaccharides that are produced by insulin
C
Monosaccharides
D
Polysaccharide
17
Which of the following biomolecules has the longest digestion time? In other words, how long does it take for the biomolecule to be catabolized?
A
DNA
B
Lipid
C
Carbohydrate
D
Protein
18
You are sunburned after a long day at the beach. Which one is not an example of UV damage to your skin cells?
A
A mutation can occur in your ovaries
B
A mutation can occur in skin cell DNA that can lead to errors in transcription.
C
Errors can occur during DNA replication.
D
UV light can cause mutations in DNA of skins cells.
E
Thymine bases in your skin DNA bond with each other instead of across the double helix
19
This region, the ______________ (a) tells RNA polymerase where to bind to DNA while this region, the ______________ (b) tells RNA where to start transcription.
A
(a) promoter, (b) open reading frame
B
(a) start codon, (b) methionine
C
(a) promoter, (b) start site
D
(a) start site, (b) promoter
20
The genetic code is used to translate ______________ into ______________.
A
lipids, nucleotides
B
nucleotides,carbohydrates
C
nucleotides, lipids
D
nucleotides, amino acids
E
nucleosides, amino acids
21
Transcription of a gene has just completed. What are the next steps (in the correct order) to complete expression of that gene?
A
RNA polymerase makes a copy of DNA into mRNA.
B
mRNA is translated in the nucleus and ribosomal RNA moves into the cytoplasm.
C
Gene expression is completed after transcription.
D
mRNA moves into the cytoplasm and with tRNA they interact to form protein
E
Translation machinery moves into the nucleus and mRNA is translated into protein.
22
How is it that a mutation in DNA stored inside the nucleus of a cell can cause a disease affecting multiple organs?
A
This remains an unanswered question in science that scientists are still trying to figure out.
B
The mutated DNA is expressed in multiple cells through the process of transcription and translation, and the altered protein causes the disease wherever the DNA was expressed.
C
The mutated DNA is expressed in one cell and the altered protein travels to multiple organs to cause disease.
D
The mutated DNA is expressed and the mRNA takes the mutated information to other cells where the altered protein is made to cause disease in that organ.
23
The advantage of sickle cell anemia is which of the following?
A
It decreases the amount of oxygen in the blood cells so that mosquitoes carrying malaria will live
B
It decreases the amount of oxygen in the blood cells so that mosquitoe's blood form will die.
C
It allows the blood vessels to decrease the amount of blood going to the toes and feet.
D
There is none.
24
Which of the following is a purpose of cell division?
A
Cell reproduction
B
Growth
C
Repair
D
All of these
