EHS 260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Impaired Glucose Tolerance, Intervention (Counseling), Relative Risk
13 May 2016
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Document Summary
Two main intervention studies demonstrating the effectiveness of lifestyle intervention for preventing diabetes: finish diabetes prevention study, and, us diabetes prevention program. Us diabetes prevention program - rct (multi-center; n=3,234 men and women with impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance) Lifestyle intervention vs. pharmacological treatment in overweight people with impaired glucose tolerance. Physical fitness as a risk factor for dm-2. N=8,633 non-diabetic men f/u: ~ 6 years. Compared to those in the top 2 quintiles, those with low fitness (lowest quintile) had: 1. 9 times relative risk of developing impaired fasting glucose. N=6,249 non-diabetic women f/u: ~ 17 years. Fitness and risk of developing type 2 diabetes in women. Inactivity has an adverse effect on glucose tolerance. The beneficial effect of exercise on glucose tolerance is thought to be due, in part, to improvement in insulin sensitivity; glucose transport into muscle is improved, as is glycogen synthesis; improved capillarization; More mitochondria; increased activity of oxidative enzymes.
