FSCN 3615 Lecture 3: April 10-2
21 May 2018
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Department
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Professor
Jewish Continued:
- Holidays:
- Sabbath: a day of rest from shortly before sundown on Friday until after sundown on Saturday, all
meals must be prepared prior to sundown on Friday as NO fires can be kindled on the Sabbath
- God’s instructions were to rest from work, attend a worship assembly, keep the day holy
and not pursue on own pleasure from sunset to sunset
- Rosh Hashanah: this is the Jewish New Year and means “head of the year”
- It is also the start of a 10-day period of penitence that ends with the Day of Atonement,
Yom Kippur
- Occurs in September to October, varies because the Jewish calendar is based on the lunar
calendar
- Challah, round shaped bread, is consumed for a year of uninterrupted health and
happiness
- Apples are dipped in honey, and prayer is said for a sweet and pleasant year
- No sour or bitter foods are served on this holiday
- Chanukah
- Festival of lights, 8 day celebration
- Commemorated the recapture of Temple in Jerusalem in 169 AD
- Menorah
- Traditionally, potato pancakes are eaten
- Purim
- A joyous celebration, commemorates the rescue of the Persian Jews from the villian
Haman by Queen Esther
- They celebrate with a feast, lots of meat and alcoholic beverages
- A sweet pastry, hamantaschen (or Haman’s pockets, defeated and humiliated) are
consumed
- Read from the Book of Esther
- Passover
- 8 day festival in the spring
- Celebrates the Jewish exodus from Egypt
- The Passover seder (ceremony) includes special readings and foods
- Moses led the Jews out of Egypt in haste, no time to let bread rise, so unleavened bread is
the meal, Matzah is consumed
- The meal usually includes chicken soup, matzo balls and meat (lamb or chicken)
- No leavening agents, malt liquors, or beers are consumed during this holiday
Islam
- Islam = “submission” to the will of God
- Muslim= “one who submits”
- The religion of those who believe that Muhammad (prophet) was God’s prophet
- Not savior
- Not messiah
- A prophet through whom God delivered His messages
- Not a religion, but a way of life
- Second largest religious group in the world
- Allah (God)
- Muslims believe that he is the one true God
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
- They believe that Allah is basically the God of Judaism and Christianity but that his word was
incompletely expressed in the Old and New Testaments and was only fulfilled in the Qur’an
- Jesus Christ is viewed as prophet, not the Son of God
- Every Muslim can communicate directly with God (no mediator or priest needed)
- Muhammad
- Born into the powerful Quraysh tribe in Mecca, Saudi Arabia 570 AD
- 610 AD (at age 40) Muhammad receives his calling from the Angel Gabriel- stating he is the
prophet of Allah
- Becomes a religious and political leader
- Teaching met with hostility, flees to Yathrib marking the first year in the Muslim
calendar
- Returns to Mecca after 8 years and declares it a Holy Place to Allah
- Qur’an (Koran)
- The laws of islam, holy book
- Belief consists of:
- Believe in the oneness of God (Allah)
- Believe in the prophecy of Muhammad
- Believe in angels
- Accept the Qur’an
- Believe in life after death
- Believe that God decrees everything
- 5 pillars of Islam
1. Faith: this declaration of faith is called the Shahada
2. Prayer: a direct link between the worshipper and allah
- Performed five times daily, facing Mecca
- At dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall
- Determines the rhythm of the entire day
- Fridays are public prayer in the Mosque
- Salat is the name for these obligatory prayers
- There are no priests
- Imam- person appointed to lead prayer in Mosque at Friday sermon
- Mufti- knows all answers on the laws of the Qur’an
3. The ‘Zakat’- Almsgiving
- Important principle that all things belong to God, and therefore held by human beings in
trust
- The word zakat
- Purification and growth
- Possessions are purified by giving to those in need, which is balance
encouraging growth
4. Fasting- to fulfill the religious obligation and earn the pleasure of Allah
- Perform this remembrance through abstaining from food and liquids to various
activities during the month of Ramadan
- Wipes out previous sins
- Appreciate the hunger of the poor
5. Pilgrimage to Mecca
- An obligation only for those who are physically and financially able to perform it
- 2 million a year from every corner of the globe
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Sabbath: a day of rest from shortly before sundown on friday until after sundown on saturday, all meals must be prepared prior to sundown on friday as no fires can be kindled on the sabbath. God"s instructions were to rest from work, attend a worship assembly, keep the day holy and not pursue on own pleasure from sunset to sunset. Rosh hashanah: this is the jewish new year and means head of the year . It is also the start of a 10-day period of penitence that ends with the day of atonement, Occurs in september to october, varies because the jewish calendar is based on the lunar calendar. Challah, round shaped bread, is consumed for a year of uninterrupted health and happiness. Apples are dipped in honey, and prayer is said for a sweet and pleasant year. No sour or bitter foods are served on this holiday. Commemorated the recapture of temple in jerusalem in 169 ad.
