BIOS 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Amine, Peptide, Ovalbumin
Document Summary
Proteins: characteristics, proteins are organic molecules which contain c,h,o,n and often s, examples of proteins, catalytic proteins: almost all known enzymes are composed of proteins. Structural proteins: proteins are components of all cell membrane: keratin: protein in fingernails, animal horns, feathers, collagen: protein in cartilage, tendons, bones. Transport proteins: some proteins act as transport molecules, eg: hemoglobin in vertebrate red blood cells transports o2 to cells: hormonal proteins: some proteins act as hormones eg: insulin, secreted by the pancreas, regulates blood sugar (glucose) levels. Storage proteins: ex: ovalbumin (the protein in egg white) is used by the developing chick embryo. Antibiotics are therapeutic drugs that kill bacteria: protein structure, proteins are composed of amino acid monomers. The r group is different for each different amino acid. Example: the hormone insulin is composed of two polypeptide chains, one chain contains 30 amino acids and the other contain 21 amino acids. A protein"s function depends upon its three dimensional shape.
