EES-1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Mass Wasting, Solution, Thrust Fault
17 Oct 2016
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Document Summary
Intraplate earthquakes: 5% of earthquakes are not near plate boundaries, due to magma movement beneath hotspots, other intraplate earthquakes are not well understood! Earthquake prediction: seismic hazard- describes the intensity of ground disruption expected. Earthquake damage: ground shaking displacement, primary hazard, severity of shaking and damage depends on , magnitude (energy) of the earthquake. More=more: distance from the focus, effects on buildings:! Masonry walls break apart: landslides and avalanches, shaking causes slopes to fail, liquefaction- waves liquefy h2o- lled sediments, sand becomes quicksand , fire! Ex: san francisco 1906: devastation fuels disease outbreaks, tsunamis- harbor wave most dangerous natural hazard, occurs during movement of the seabed, which displaces the entire volume of overlying water, water initially retreats from shore, then tsunami inundates the shore! Earthquake generated by 1100+ km (!) long rupture along a thrust ! fault! Weathering produces: : soils, sediments, dissolved substances in rivers! Mechanical weathering- solid rock fragmented by physical processes!
