CHEM 1110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Covalent Bond, Metal, Valence Electron
8 Apr 2016
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Chem 1110: principles of chemistry 1 chapter 7 lecture notes: development of the periodic table. Originally arranged from empirical observations: mendelev, meyer, columns (groups) contained elements with similar chemical properties, rows (periods) arranged in order of increasing molecular weight. H. moseley bombarded elements with electrons producing x-rays whose frequencies were simply related to integers. Elements in the same column have similar chemical and physical properties because they have the same valence configuration. Valence electrons dictate chemical and physical properties: effective nuclear charge. Electron energy = kinetic energy + potential energy. Coulomb"s law: energy of interaction between particles. Detailed screening concepts explain ordering of energy levels: i) orbitals that penetrate the core electrons can have a lower energy. Ens less than enp less than end: ii) e- s in the same subshell (p, d, etc. ) do not effectively screen each other.
