NURS 464 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Human Nose, Nail Polish, Respiratory Sounds
Document Summary
Respiratory system grows until age of 12. Where bronchiole divides, it is higher and at a different angle than adults. Preterm babies have hard time developing suck, swallow, and breathe. Alveoli increase in number and size until puberty. Smooth muscle of bronchi and bronchioles develop through first year of life. Intercostal muscles are immature so diaphragm is used for ventilation until age 6. Normal pulse ox: want greater than or equal to 95%. Respiratory: high reading; shivering, vasoconstriction, poor cap refill, hypothermia, iv dye, and electromagnetic interference may give false low readings. Apnea in infants is defined as > 20 seconds no breathing or pauses in breathing of any length accompanied by cyanosis. Signs of resp distress: positioning- tripod position, vs- tachypnea, breath sounds. Resp distress = supplemental oxygen is needed. Initial signs of resp failure- inadequate o2 supply. Early decompensation- child tries to use accessory muscles to assist o2 intake.
