BIO 315H Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Sister Chromatids, Homologous Chromosome, G1 Phase
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Document Summary
Chromosomes carry genes, genes are transmitted from generation to generation. One chromosome is one linear piece of double stranded dna. Chromosome is used to condense dna to make it easier to pass on during replication. Organisms are sensitive to amounts of protein; why having extra or less chromosomes is a problem. G1 phase is where most of the growth occurs. Centromere (metacentric: in the middle, acrocentric: not in the middle. Sister chromatid are always identical except for rare cases (due to dna replication) only happens after s phase and before anaphase, does not exist . Homologous chromosomes very very similar, have same genes in the same order but are never identical and can be different alleles; two versions of the same genes. 4 lines, 4 chromosomes, 2 of each kind. Interphase dna synthesis and chromosome replication phase. Meiosis i separation of homologous chromosome pairs and reduction of the chromosome number by half.
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