BIO 346 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Accelerated Evolution, Becoming Human, Mutation Rate
Document Summary
11/05 - becoming human: brain size, sociality & complex cognition. Piece of variation within humans - due to the small fraction of genome that is variable. Most of our genome is identical from person-to-person. Vast majority is shared with other species as well. Most of the molecular details that make us - predate us as humans. Sequence dna of a bunch of different species. Differences that some species share & others don"t inferences. Same things that operate at the population level operate on sequences at the larger level. Phylogeny - tree showing evolutionary relationships among taxa. Gene flow stops between populations evolve independently. Continues to accumulate changes (derived-changes = changes from the ancestral state) New mutations: single nucleotide mutations, indels or copy number variants. Synapomorphies (shared-derived changes) - alleles that become fixed in a common ancestor (through drift or selection shape the rate of fixation of mutations)
