PHL-206 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Fideism, Critical Inquiry, Deductive Reasoning
26 Sep 2016
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Fideism- faithism anything is rational, don"t need any critical inquiry, evidence, examination of doubt. Normatively- should do (obligated) or should not do: ethical issues. Some consider you to be morally wrong if you don"t have evidence. When is it rational to af rm a belief or belief system: 3 positions. Too strong: irrational or immoral to believe. Beliefs matter, they shape and justify ones thoughts, perceptions, desires, choices, emotions, actions. Strong rationalism: it is rational to af rm a belief system only if there is available/one can provide suf cient evidence in favor of the truth of this belief-system. What is evidence: proof, sometimes it is based on sensory perception (observation, inductive argument. Tends to be conclusive in favor of the truth. Could succeed or fail: inference to the best explanation. When is evidence suf cient: evidence is suf cient when it is consistent with itself.
