BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Renal Physiology, Descending Limb Of Loop Of Henle, Podocyte
Document Summary
Regulate the concentrations of various low molecular weight components of the blood. Includes toxic compounds: like nitrogenous products of metabolism, pollutants. Waste carried by ureter to bladder and out through urethra. Osmolarity: water concentration in a solution, of blood is 300, at the end of proximal tubule is 300, in descending tube is 1,200 at bottom. Increases as tube descends: interstitial fluid corresponds to filtrate in descending limb, ascending limb. Water: made up of subunits called nephrons. About 10^6 (a million) of them in our kidneys. Multicellular tubular systems with functionally different parts. At head of each unit: filter, called bowman"s capsule. Tubular portion downstream of filter: retrieves filtrate. Interposed with fenestrations: in the gaps, main filtering, alternate different kinds of cells. Capillaries have huge fenestrations: nearly 100nm, much larger than the proteins that are kept within, statistics. So entire blood supply filtered every 40 minutes.
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