BIO 1030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Cell Membrane, Cell Wall, Nucleoid
3 Feb 2017
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Document Summary
Cell membrane is composed of hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules. Involved in passage of molecules through the membrane, sometimes requiring input of energy. Receptor proteins: allow signal molecules to bind, causing a cellular response. Enzymatic proteins: directly participate in metabolic reactions. Cell theory: all organisms are composed of cells, all cells come only from preexisting cells. All cells have: a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material. 2 main types of cells: prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells: organisms from the domains bacteria and archaea, generally smaller and simpler in structure than eukaryotic cells. Allows them to reproduce very quickly and effectively: extremely successful group of organisms, bacteria. Some are used to manufacture chemicals, foods, drugs, etc. Bacterial structure: cytoplasm surrounded by plasma membrane and cell wall. Plasma membrane is the same as the eukaryotes: cell wall maintains the shape of the cell, dna. Single circular, coiled chromosome located in nucleoid: ribosomes.
