GEOL 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Headwall, Thrust Fault, Continental Drift
Document Summary
Sketch the concepts of compaction, tension, and shear. Outline the factors that affect rock strength. Define faults and explain the different types of faults. Define folds and label the different parts of a fold (hinge, limb, axial surface) Outline the causes of mountain building in convergent and divergent plate boundaries. Formation of mountains by cooling/contraction of the earth. Earth cooling happened much slower than previously thought. This led to horizontal movement (and continental drift theory) Process by which rocks bend, break, and flow in response to. Can result in displacement, rotation, and distortion. Dip-slip fault: movement along fault up and down. Thrust: headwall moves up, horizontal compression at a <30 . Strike-slip fault: movement of two blocks sliding past each other, horizontal movement, shearing of the fault. To describe faults geologists adopted terminology from miners. Headwall: block of rock above fault plane. Footwall: block of rock below fault plane. Folds: warping/bend of strata as a result of outside force.
