BIOLOGY 1M03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Sahelanthropus, Foramen Magnum, Human Taxonomy
Document Summary
Chapter 56: the origin and evolution of hominins. Taxon: hominina: humans and other relatives (excluding chimps and beyond) Chimp fossils record is spare: first specimen = 545 ka, fossilization = rare bc habitat bias. Sahelanthropus tchadensis (7-6 ma: may or may not belong in hominina (textbook includes, 1 skull fossil, small brain, large brow ridge, foramen magnum (major gap; hole in skull) central, bipedal. Ardipithecus ramidus (4. 4 ma: 36 partial skeletons, small brain, large canines, flat face (non-chimp like, hypothesis: chimp faces specialized after common ancestor with humans, foramen magnum central, bipedal, long arms; opposable toes, arboreal: lived in trees. Paranthropus (2. 7 1 ma: 3 species or more, robust, paranthropus boisei (2. 3 1. 2 ma, multiple specimen, sagittal crest, large jaw + teeth: large biting force; diet = tough plants. Homo habilis (2. 3 ma: multiple specimens, sexual dimorphism (like australopithecines, medium brain, small teeth, cooked food (?, unsophisticated stone tools.
