BIOL 1500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Acetyl-Coa, Atp Synthase, Acetyl Group
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My summary of chapter 4 from textbook biol 1500 . Kerb cycle and transition step oxidizes pyruvate and realeses co2. Energy of glucose is in ecs called nadh and fadh2, cell uses them to generate more. Now etc transfers energ electrons from nadh to fadh2 through protein channels. As electron passes from carrier to carrier its energy is used to create gradient of hydrogen ions. Now mitochondrion uses that energy in h+ to generatr atp. Atp synthase uses h+ energy to add phosphate to adp. Then empty and spent electrons trans ered to o2 generating water as waste. Location of glycosis = cytosol location of other path ways = baceria and archaea > enzymes of kerb cycle are in cytoplasm and electron transport proteins are in cell membrane eukaryotic cells = contain mitochondria. Mitochondria = bounded by two membrane : outer membrane and highly folded inner cristae = inner.
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Fill in the blank in the following table:
metabolic cycle | location pro/ eukaryote | components | substrates | products | pathway purpose |
embden- meyerhof- parnas (glycolysis) | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | 10 enzymes | |||
pentose phosphate pathway | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | dozen enzyme | 1 Glucose (6 carbon), 1 NADP, 1ATP | 1 Ribose-P (5 carbon) + 1CO2, 1NADPH, or sugars, 1 ADP | Nucleotide synthesis, NADPH for anabolism |
PDH reaction | cytoplasm/ mitochondria matrix | ||||
TCA/ Krebs/ citric acid cycle | generation of high energy electron carriers, provide metabolic precursors | ||||
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (aerobic respiration) | |||||
Electron transport chain + ATP synthase (anaerobic respiration) | 1Nitrate or sulfate or CO2, 1NADH + ____ ADP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ADP | N2, or NO2 or H2S or CH4 1NAD + ____ ATP Or 1FADH2+ ____ ATP | Generate proton motive forces abd use to generate ATP regenerate NAD+ | ||
Fermentation | cytoplasm/ cytoplasm | 1 or more enzymes (vary by organism) | 1 pyruvate, 1 NADH | 1 alcohol or acid (maybe 1 CO2) NAD+ | Regenerate NAD+ |
1. Aerobic cellular respiration can best be described as a:
a. | a redox reaction to convert energy for metabolism |
b. | a need for oxygen in order to store energy in ATP |
c. | all answer choices are correct |
d. | an organism's way of catabolizing glucose 2. During photosynthesis, electrons from the reaction center chlorophyll are transferred to the electron transport system. These electrons are replaced by the splitting of __________ molecules.
4. Bacterial cells reproduce through the process of:
|