PHLB09H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Julian Savulescu, Primum Non Nocere, Negative And Positive Rights
Document Summary
Principle of normative ethics are utilitarianism, categorical imperative, double effect , four principle approach and principle of applied ethics. Moral principles have prima facie significance (in appearance has significance) / protanto. Each principle can outweigh the other, depending on the circumstances. The act that is most prima facie required (among one"s options) is one"s actual duty. Breaking a promise to meet friends but have to perform cpr. Beneficence outweigh the promise because it save life. Promise keeping has intrinsic significance, but the duty can be outweighed by a sufficiently strong competing duty. Kant"s view: the categorical imperative is the sole fundamental duty. Utilitarianism: promoting happiness is the sole fundamental duty. Four-principle approach: there is no single fundamental duty. There are four fundamental duties and are independent factors. Informed consent: why there is duty to get consent because it drives from respecting autonomy and this duty of respecting autonomy does not drive from maximizing happiness.
