Final_Exam_Study_Guide_Assigned_Questions

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laur10

2 Jan 2022

School

York University

Department

Geography

Course

GEOG 1000

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Short answer (15 marks each): what are the main differences between the concepts of race and ethnicity? (units 5, 6, 11) Ella, emily: what are the differences between an asylum-seeker and a refugee? (unit 12) saleh, Matthew: what is green-extractivism and how does it challenge mainstream solutions to climate change? (unit 13) lisamarie, haoyun, andrew. How did efforts to secure the canadian and american borders after the events of 9/11 affect muslim residents" sense of belonging to each nation? (unit 5) joanna, shania, joshua. Using examples from the course, describe one of the main tactics that corporations and their state allies use to mitigate, curb, and crush resistance against extractive industry projects. (unit 13) anthony, azam, lauren. Describe three ways that european imperialism shaped maps of the world. (units 2, 24) Alessia, ikran, koby: offer three specific suggestions that can help curtail the water conflicts along the jordan.

Related Questions

Vapor cycles
5EM - Thermodynamics
September 2010
1 The T-S diagram
The temperature-entropy diagram is an alternative to the well knownpressure-
volume diagram. Before using it to analyze different vapor cycles,we need
to understand it properly.
1. Plot the following transformations for ideal gases in a T-Sdiagram
(a) Isothermal expansion
(b) Isobaric expansion
(c) Isometric heating
(d) Reversible adiabatic expansion
(e) Irreversible adiabatic expansion
2. Repeat the last question, but this time do it for a realsubstance,
starting in the compressed liquid1 region and ending in thesuperheated
region, when possible. Indicate the boundaries of eachregion.
3. We know that under certain circumstances the area under theplot
in a P-V diagram represents the work performed during theprocess.
What does it represent in this case? Under what assumptions isyour
answer true? Compare examples 6.1 and 6.2.
2 Thermal machines
We understand by thermal machine a device capable of transformingther-
mal energy (heat) into mechanical energy (work). We already knowthat
these machines have a limited efficiency which, in the two-sourcesmodel, is
obtained by Carnotâs cycle.
(Compressed liquid is sometimes also called subcooled liquid)
2.1 Carnot cycle
This cycle, although efficient, is impractical. To begin with, theextreme
temperatures of the cycle should be within the sources temperaturesfor a
finite heat flow to exist.
1. Given the temperature of the sources, draw the cycle accordingto the
named limitation.
2. Show that this leads to lower efficiency than the theoreticallimit.
3. Assume that heat flow from/to the sources is proportional to thetem-
perature difference between them and the working fluid, anddemon-
strate that a higher power output is related to a decreasedefficiency.
2.2 Rankine cycle
Out of the several practical possibilities, Rankine cycle and itsvariations is
widely used, especially for electric power generation.
1. Draw the basic cycle in a T-S diagram and explain it.
2. What does the efficiency of the cycle depend on? Comparewith
Carnotâs.
3. What are the differences between the ideal cycle and the realone?
4. Describe how it is modified by superheating and/or reheating.Explain
te benefits.
2.3 Problems
After answering the previous questions solve the followingexercises from the
book: 8.2, 8.4, 8.5, 8.13, 8.19, 8.20
3 Frigorific machines
3.1 Reverse Carnot cycle
We have already studied Carnot cycle in detail as the ideal thermalmachine.
Now we will take is as the starting point to understand thecharacteristics
of frigorific machines.
1. Draw the ideal cycle in a T-S diagram and explain it.
2. Show that this cycle has a theoretical efficiency Ã =Tcold/Thot-Tcold
3. What are the difficulties in implementing such cycle in actualdevices?
3.2 Actual refrigerators
1. Why is the turbine replaced by an expansion valve in mostcases?
2. Plot the actual cycle and explain the differences with the idealcase.
3. How do cascade and multistage systems improve the performanceof
the refrigerator?
4. What aspects are important in the choice of a refrigerant fluid?Justify
3.3 Problems
After answering the previous questions solve the followingexercises from the
book: 10.2 10.7, 10.8, 10.9, 10.22, 10.23 10.1D

2. Imagine that you are driving down a stretch of freeway with aposted speed limit of 65 miles per hour. You arenât sure whether totrust your speedometer, so you check your speed against a series ofdistance markers along the interstate. You notice that, in the timeit takes you to count to ten, you pass the 0.2 mile mark. Yourspeedometer, marked in intervals of 5 mph, reads 65 mph.
a. Are your speedometer and your measured speed the same to withinthe uncertainty of your measurements? Assume a Â±0.5 s uncertaintyin your count; the mile markers have a 1% uncertainty in theirposition. Also recall the difference between standard deviation anduncertainty in the mean. [Note: DO NOT DO THIS ANALYSIS WHILEDRIVING!] Show all of your work.
b. You have just propagated the uncertainty in your ten secondcount through a series of calculations that involved multiplicationand then subtraction. (If this wasnât what you did, check yourwork!) You did this to test a hypothesis: that the speedometerreading was equal to your measured speed. Describe another,different situation where you might need to propagate theuncertainty through a series of simple calculations to test ahypothesis.
c. Letâs say that your uncertainty in your 10-second count was Â±1%.Would you be able to tell that you were speeding? Show your workclearly and interpret your results.
d. Letâs say that your uncertainty in your 10-second count was Â±1second. Would you be able to tell whether you were speeding? Showyour work clearly and interpret your results.

Final_Exam_Study_Guide_Assigned_Questions

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