Medical Sciences 250ab Chapter Notes - Chapter Exercise: Polymerization, Fluorophore, Aminoglycoside

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nicolk

3 Jan 2022

School

Harvard University

Department

Medical Sciences

Course

Medical Sciences 250ab

Professor

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One approach would be labelling the protein with a fluorophore and if after washing away, fluorescence is still left, we can confirm adherence. You could use this protein to produce antibodies. Then incubate the bacteria with the antibodies and if the antibodies bind to the protein it will no longer adhere. Or: add the isolated protein, if it binds to the receptor, the bacteria will no longer be able to adhere with the protein attached to it. Invasion serves to hide the pathogen from the immune system. They are protected from major attacks of the immune system. Penicillins and aminoglycosides cannot penetrate human cells, so intracellular pathogens are protected from that. Not all are invasive, some are completely invasive, some are only partly invasive, some are entirely non-invasive. The actin cytoskeleton/polymerisation creates a lot more force, allowing it to penetrate neighbouring cells. Generally, flagella allow faster movement but lack force that actin polymerisation produced.

Related Questions

What are prions?

In cell, there are subcellular organelles. They are not full organism. Prions are just proteins. They don't have any other macromolecules. Prions have capacity to form copies through replication. They replicate through free radical and chain mechanism.

Doctor Stainly pruisne work on prions and show it's relation with disease called mad cow disease. ( This is neurodegenerative disease and responsible for harmful effects on brain).

In Australia sheep was infected with prions, caused scarpie disease in sheep. Organs of sloghed sheep were used in cow feedd. When cow consume feed, prions were transmitted to cow and cow start to show unusual behavior.

Symptoms of prions infection are like that of some disease

Kurulyprosy
Insomnia
Dimensia

Detection of prions: Prions can be detected by Western bloting.

Normal prions:

Normal prions are present in our body. They don't have tendency to form rigid aggregate. They are quite less in number. They have following functions

Cellular differentiation
Store elemental surplus that is used in future
Memory enhancement

Molecular basis of prions:There is some difference in structure of Normal and abnormal prions.

Normal prions have molecular weight 33-35KD while abnormal prions have molecular weight 27-30KD
In normal prions at position 178 amino acid aspartate is present while in abnormal prions at 178 position asparagine is present.

Prions diagnosis and analysis:

Brain biopsy....in past for taking sample brain biopsy was used but now a days tonsils biopsy is used for sampling.

Immuno fluorescence:Biopsy sample is taken on slide and it is treated with antibody ( of abnormal prions) which is against normal prions. Speciality of antibody is that when it bind with abnormal prion it will glow. If we capture fluroscene it's mean abnormal prion is present in sample. As abnormal prion antibody was label with fluroscene probe. So patient sample will show fluroscene while normal sample will not show fluroscene.

Transmission of prions: Normally prions can't Cross specie barrier they transmitted through different ways. Like as formite

If a person is effected with prions and he has wound in head and his comb is used by another person so prions can be transferred to other individual. Comb is Carrier of prion.

Prions are very slow acting immune system can't destroy them.

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Medical Sciences 250ab Chapter Notes - Chapter Exercise: Polymerization, Fluorophore, Aminoglycoside

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