Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Polyadenylation, Intron, Transesterification

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pingu70

17 Mar 2022

School

Western University

Department

Biochemistry

Course

Biochemistry 2280A

Professor

Dr. Michael Boffa, Dr. Derek Mc Lachlin, and Dr. Chris Brandl

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Document Summary

2018-2019: only occurs in eukaryotic cells, prokaryotic cells don"t have a nucleus, transcription/translation occur in cytoplasm at same time, processing includes: 5" g cap, 3" poly a tail, intron splicing. 5" g capping: guanosine cap added onto 5" end, all mrna has this at end. 3" poly a tail: almost all eukaryotic mrnas end with long polya tail: downstream from stop codon, enzymes cleave end of dna w/ endonuclease, addition of polya tail. Rna splicing: only in eukaryotic cells: exons (protein coding), interrupted by introns (noncoding, exons = expressed, introns = interruptions. Splicing increases the coding capacity of the genome: differential splicing: rna can be spliced in different ways to create related by distinct proteins. Introns not spliced cause translation to stop at this point: patterns are often tissue-specific, different for different tissues, ex. Spliceosome: enzyme machinery for splicing: composed of snrnps (containing both rna and proteins).

Related Questions

What are the three processes in post-transcriptional processes that must be completed before transcripts can be translated in eukaryotes?

A.	Binding of snRNPs, addition of a poly A tail, splicing of introns
B.	Binding of snRNPs, transporting, synthesizing of ribose
C.	Capping, transporting, synthesizing of ribose
D.	Binding of snRNPs, capping, splicing
E.	Capping, splicing, addition of a poly A tail

Which of the following key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic transcription are TRUE? Check all that apply.

	A. prokaryotic transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, while eukaryotic transcription occurs in the nucleus
	B. eukaryotic transcription is carried out by 1 RNA polymerase, while prokaryotic transcription is carried out by 3 different RNA polymerases
	C. eukaryotic transcripts are processed, while prokaryotic transcripts are translated while transcription is still occurring
	D. prokaryotes have sigma factors for specificity of binding whereas eukaryotes have multiple general transcription factors
	E. prokaryotes have to worry about unpackaging the DNA for transcription, while eukaryotes have almost naked DNA not bound up by nucleosome

whitehippopotamus545

Choose Among (and **explain why** when appropriate): (1)Nucleus, (2) RNA Polymerase, (3) Cytoplasm, (4) DNA, (5) Enzyme ,(6) Plasma Membrane, (7) Lysosome

-the molecular source of information for transcription?
-the main enzyme for making a polymer of RNA?
-location of transcription in a eukaryotic cell?
-location of transcription in a prokaryotic cell?
-location of translation in a eukaryotic cell?
-location of translation in a prokaryotic cell?

Which of the following eukaryotic RNA processing events does not occur in the nucleus? Select all that apply.

RNA editing

Intron splicing

miRNA binding of mRNA.

Poly A tail formation.

Degradation of mRNA

Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Polyadenylation, Intron, Transesterification

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