PO263 Lecture Notes - Elections Canada, Party System, Participatory Budgeting

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rosevva20

21 Mar 2022

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WLU

Department

Political Science

Course

PO263

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Section 3: every citizen of canada has a right to vote in an election of members of the house of commons or of a legislative assembly and to be qualified for membership therein. Section 4(1): no house of commons and no legislative assembly shall continue for longer than five years from the date fixed for the return of the writs at a general election of its members. The means by which those who possess the political authority to make laws and act upon them are linked to the will and interests of the people, and are rendered accountable to them in some fashion. Three dimensions: number of districts, number of representatives, method of choosing. No province to have fewer mps than senators; no fewer seats than in 1985. Candidates are party- or self-nominated to run in geographically based electoral districts (a. k. a. Each voter is given one ballot containing a list of the candidates running for election in their constituency.

Related Questions

Which of the following statements is true of trophic levels in an ecosystem?

a) Food chains are accurate representations of dynamics in an ecosystem.

b) In terrestrial ecosystems, primary producers commonly eat plants.

c) Food webs are easier to interpret than food chains.

d) The least amount of energy is available at the top of a food chain.

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7. Write a class MetroLine in which you define a new type MetroLine (10 points) A MetroLine is defined to have the following private properties: • A String representing the colour of the line (e.g. blue, red, green, etc. No numbers. It's Montreal, not Manhattan!) • A collection of MetroStation This collection can be either a built in array, an ArrayList, or any other kind of collection you feel would satisfy the requirements of the class. The collection must be able to define an ordering from "beginning" to "end" of the MetroLine. It does not matter which part you consider the beginning and which part is the "end" as long as it is consistent. (We recommend using ArrayList but you are free to do otherwise if you feel it will be casier.) A MetroLine should have the following methods defined: • A constructor which takes nothing as input and performs any initialization necessary to maintain your collection of stations. • A method addstation which takes as input a MetroStation and adds it to the end of your collection. The method can assume the station is not already part of the collection and should return void. Note that the order the MetroStations are added is the same as the path the trains will travel on (or it could be the reverse path as well). • A method hasStation which takes as input a MetroStation and returns a boolean representing whether the metro line has a MetroStation with the same name or not. A method get LineColour which returns the colour of the line. • A method get First Stop which returns the MetroStation representing the first stop of the metro line. If there is no such station (ic, if the collection of MetroStation is empty), your method should return null. • A method get PriorStop which takes as input a MetroStation and returns the stop prior to the MetroStation passed as input. You may assume that the MetroStation passed as input is indeed in the collection of MetroStations If the current station is the first stop on the MetroLine then this method should return null. You may assume that there are no "loops" in the MetroLine That is, no station is present on the same line twice. A method getNext Stop which takes as input a MetroStation and returns the stop after the MetroStation passed as input. You may assume that the Metrostation passed as input is indeed in the collection of Metrostations. If the current station is the last stop on the MetroLine, then this method should return null. You may assume that there are no "loops" in the MetroLine That is, no station is present on the same line twice. For the above methods, you may assume that there is no aliasing issue. That is to say, you can use == to compare the references, or if you are using a type such as ArrayList to maintain your list of stations, you can use the indexOf or contains method defined on an ArrayList.

33. Base10 is the set of numbers created from the digits {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}. Whereas base2, which is the set of numbers created with {0,1}. We could similarly define base; as the ordered set of characters created from {X,Y,Z}. What is the following basez number, Yxz, in base ? Random graph For this section you will need to look at the classes Graph and GraphNode present in the appendix. A Graph consists of a number of nodes, each of which has connections to other nodes in the graph. You can think of nodes as a representation of a person in a social network (e.g. Facebook). The ArrayList connectedTo variable in GraphNodes is the list of friends that particular person has. For example, in the following graph, the node O is friends with node 1 and 2. On the other hand, node 2 and node 1 are not friends, hence the lack of link. 0-0 In the constructor of the Graph, the process of connecting nodes is randomized. Moreover, we will not allow a node to be connected to itself and we are going to assume that the arguments passed to the Graph constructor respect the following conditions: n > 2, and n > nbConnections. Pay close attention to the character order

PO263 Lecture Notes - Elections Canada, Party System, Participatory Budgeting

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