BIO 360 Chapter Notes - Chapter 21: Malonyl-Coa, Fatty Acid Synthase, Acetyl-Coa
Document Summary
Proceed via different pathways: energy storage catabolism produces acetyl-coa produces reducing power cnadh , fadh. Takes place in the mitochondria: constituents of membranes, anchors for membrane proteins, cofactors for enzymes, signaling molecules. Takes place in cytosol in animals , chloroplast in plants sources of nadph: pigments, detergents. Adipocytes pentose phosphate pathway + malic enzyme. Nadph made as malate converts to pyruvate + coz. Heptaocytes + mammary gland pentose phosphate pathway. Nadph made as glucose - 6- phosphate converts to ribulose 6- phosphate plants photosynthesis. Fatty acids are built-in > passes processing 1 acetate unit at a time acetate is coming from activated mal onate (malonyl-coa) each pass involves reduction of a carbonyl carbon to methylene carbon. Acetyl-coa carboxylase reaction catalyzed by fatty acid synthase cfas) catalyzes a repeating 4 step sequence that elongates the fatty acyl chain by 2 carbons at each step. Uses nadph as electron donor uses 2 enzyme - bound - sh groups as activating groups.
