PHIL 212 Lecture Notes - Causality, Mind, Compatibilism

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6 Oct 2022

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D"s argument for the existence of god (1) i have an idea of god as being infinite, eternal, immutable, independent, supremely intelligent, supremely powerful, and the creator of all things that exist apart from him. (45) This is just one of the ideas that the mind has, among some others like the ideas of. Corporeal things (45). (2) the thing represented in an idea (as its content) is not nothing; that is, it has a mode of being as existing in the idea. Therefore, an infinitely perfect being, god, must exist. The problem descartes considers here is analogous to the theological problem of evil. Definition of error": a case of failure when we should not; our failing to do something can be considered as error when we should be able to avoid it. So, if the false judgment is unavoidable, it is not an error. So, as finite beings, we cannot be expected to know everything.

Related Questions

A uniform, rigid, thin board that is 2.4m long and weighs 200N is attached to a post by a pivot at point P and hangs over the edge of a building. A crate weighing 400N is attached to the right end of the board. The left end of the board, .8m from the pivot, is attached to a light vertical wire anchored at the other end to keep the board from rotating.

1. Draw and label vectors on a horizontal board to represent forces acting on the board (not components). Show each force vector originating at its point of application.

2. Calculate the magnitudes of the forces exerted on the board by the post and by the wire. If you need to draw anything other than what you have shown in part 1 to assist in your solution, use the space below. Do not add anything to the figure in part 1

3. The rotational inertia of the board alone about its center is (1/12)Ml², where M is the mass of the board and L is its length. Calculate the rotational inertia of the combined board-crate system about point P

4. Suppose that the wire breaks and the board begins to pivot about point P. Calculate each of the following

(a) The magnitude of the initial angular acceleration of the board-crate system.

(b) The magnitude of the initial linear acceleration of the left end of the board.

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Astrophysicists in the 1960s tried to explain the existence and thestructure of pulsars â extremely regular astronomical sources ofradio pulses whose periods ranged from seconds to milliseconds. Atone point, these radio sources were given the acronym LGM, standingfor âLittle Green Men,â a reference to the idea that they might besignals of extraterrestrial civilizations. The explanation giventoday is no less interesting. Consider the following. Our Sun,which is a fairly typical star, has a mass of 1.99x10^30 kg and aradius of 6.69x10^8 m. Although it does not rotate uniformly,because it isnât a solid body, its average rate of rotation isabout 1 rev / 25 days. Stars larger than the sun can end theirlives in spectacular explosions called supernovae, leaving behindcollapsed remnants of the stars called neutron stars. Neutron starshave masses comparable to the original masses of the stars, butradii of only a few kilometers. These stars emit beams of radiowaves. Because of the rapid angular speed of the stars, the beamssweep past Earth at regular, very short, intervals. To produce theobserved radio-wave pulses, the star has to rotate at rates fromabout 1 rev/s to 1000 rev/s.

a. Estimate the rotation rate of the Sun if it were to collapseinto a neutron star of radius 10 km. The Sun is not a uniformsphere of gas, and its moment of inertia is given by I = 0.059MR2.Assume that the neutron star is spherical and has a uniform massdistribution.
b. Is the rotational kinetic energy of our Sun greater of smallerafter the collapse? By what factor does it change, and where doesthe energy go to or come from?

With the question
An oceanographer is studying how the ion concentration in seawaterdepends on depth. She makes a measurement by lowering into thewater a pair of concentric metallic cylinders at the end of a cableand taking data to determine the resistance between theseelectrodes as a function of depth. The water between the twocylinders forms a cylindrical shell of inner radius ra, outerradius rb, and length L much larger than rb. The scientist appliesa potential difference ?V between the inner and outer surfaces,producing an outward radial current I. Let ? represent theresistivity of the water.
We realize that we integrate resistivity(Length/area) but then fromthe solution shown we integrate dR= resistivity(dr/(2pirL)) Weunderstand everything but why the L goes to the bottom of thisintegration.
Thanks.

PHIL 212 Lecture Notes - Causality, Mind, Compatibilism

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