KINESIOL 2Y03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Nociceptor, Mechanoreceptor, Proprioception

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parveendhillon73

9 Nov 2022

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Special senses mechanoreceptors (cid:8869)compression, bending, stretching of cells touch, pressure, proprioception, hearing, balance chemoreceptors (cid:8869) chemicals become attached to receptors on their membranes smell taste thermoreceptors (cid:8869) changes in temperature photoreceptors (cid:8869)) respond to light. Vision nociceptors (cid:8869) extreme mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli pain. Nasal cavity help swirl air around (cid:8869) to cribriform. Olfactory epithelium synapse w/ neurons carrying info to brain. Odercnts bind to aderant receptors on olfactory hairs: depolarization occurs -> 9raded potentials + action potential. 4 camphoraneous, musky, floral, pepperminty, ethereal, pungent, putrid action potentials terminate: (cid:8869)) primary olfactory area colfactory cortex conscious perception of smell frontal and temporal lobes. 4 secondary alfactory area visceral and emotional reactions to smell. Many oderants saturate receptors in epithelium (cid:8869) can"t generate more signals - lose sensitivity of neurons. 4 overstimulated brain sends signal back to olfactory bulb to block further signals coming through. Gustation - taste: papillae covers windpipe when swallowing vallite papillae.

Related Questions

Which type of receptor detects low blood sugar levels, stimulating the organism to eat?

ânociceptors

2. âIn invertebrates, the hairs of taste receptors ____, while those of smell receptors ____.

.a.	âdirectly contact the stimulus; indirectly contact the stimulus

âb.perceive taste and pain stimuli; perceive odors and taste stimuli

âc.are derived from microvilli and contain microfilaments; are derived from cilia and contain microtubules

âd.detect airborne molecules; function as chemoreceptors

âe.transmit signals to the temporal lobes; transmit signals to the parietal lobes

3. The lateral line system in fish is comprised of multiple ____ that allow fish to detect vibrations and water currents.

Sensory systems

1.All sensory input arrives at the central nervous system in the same form, as ____________ propagated by afferent neurons. Perception of the type and intensity of a stimulus depends on which part of the brain the impulse projects to and the firing frequency the sensory neuron.

A.action potentials B.receptor potentials C.reflexes D.frequency localizations E.thresholds

2.The simplest sensory receptors are __________ that respond to mechanical distortion,changes in temperature, or specific chemicals.

A.nociceptors B.free nerve endings C.gated channels D.photoreceptors. E.ganglia

3.When membrane proteins on an olfactory neuron are stimulated by the binding of a specific chemical, what is the immediate result?

A.membrane depolarization B.membrane repolarization C.active ion transport D.membrane hyperpolarization E.neurotransmitter release

5.The lateral line system provides ________ with a sense of "distant touch," enabling these animals to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations.

A.adult amphibians B.reptiles C.birds D.mammals E.fish

6.Which correctly represents the sequence of steps involved to convey sensory information to the CNS?

A.stimulation and ion flow through the synaptic cleft B.neurotransmitter release and interpretation
C.neurotransmitter release and ion flow through the synaptic cleft D.stimulation, transduction, transmission, and interpretation E.stimulation, transmission, and neurotransmitter release

7.Which of the following stimuli do vertebrates NOT have a specialized receptor for?

A.hearing B.taste C.smell D.humidity E.vision

8.Which of the following is NOT an example of a mechanoreceptor?

A.Meissner's corpuscles B.Ruffini endings C.Merkel cells D.red corpuscles E.Pacinian corpuscles

9.What are the receptors called that transmit impulses that are perceived by the brain as pain?
A. baroreceptors B. chemoreceptors C. nociceptors
D. thermoreceptors E. propioceptors

10. Which of the following do humans NOT have taste buds specialized to sense?

A. salty B. sour. C. sweet. D. vitamins E. bitter

Sensory receptors that are located within blood vessels andvisceral organs and whose signals are not usually consciouslyperceived are the:

A. Chemoceptors
B. proprioceptors
C. exterorecptors
D. interoreceptors
E. Nociceptors
___________________________

Which of the following is an example of a class of slowlyadapting touch receptors?

A.Corpuscle of touch (Meissner corpuscle)
B. Lamellated (Pacinian) corpuscle
C. Type 1 cutaneous mechanoreceptor (Merkel disc)
D. Hair root receptor
E. Photoreceptor
_________________________________________________

The main function of muscle spindles is?:

to sense tension applied to atendon.
to sense referred pain.
to perceive cutaneoussensations.
to sense changes in musclelength.
to sense muscle fatigue

__________________________________________________

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KINESIOL 2Y03 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Nociceptor, Mechanoreceptor, Proprioception

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