APPH 1040 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Tnm Staging System, Angiogenesis, Neoplasm
Document Summary
Neoplasm - new growth of tissue that serves no physiological function. Diseases characterized by the growth and spread of abnormal cells. A mutation in cell"s dna causes it to become cancerous. Body detects a cell defect then signals for its destruction. Normal cells trigger their own death when damaged. Gain self-sufficiency in growth signals to anti-growth signals from body. Cancerous cells develop ability to produce growth signals and become resistant. Cells obtain nutrients and energy by connecting to the circulatory system. Formation of new blood vessel that feeds cancerous tumors its necessary nutrients. Gain limitless replicative potential and lead to metastasis. Cancer cells break away from main tumor. Utilize blood or lymph system to travel to new part of body. System gives information about tumor, nodes, and metastasis. Each letter is assigned a number that shows how advanced cancer is. Indicates how far tumor grown into bowel wall n nearby areas. Shows if cancer has spread the nearby lymph nodes.
