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Lecture : 41 Genetic Processes

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School
York University
Department
Biology
Course
BIOL 1500
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Document Summary

Study of genes, dna, and how traits are passed on. Inherited trait - any trait that can be inherited. Acquired trait - something you acquire through your life, not passed on - aka intelligence. Dna - deoxyribonucleic acid - full set of instructions. Gene - piece of dna, the actual code for the protein (instructions to make something) Protein - chain of amino acids - repeating amino acids. Nucleus - where chromosones are, genetic blueprint, your dna. Chromosones - 23 femal and 23 male chromosnes, 46 in total. Come in pairs, 1 mama and 1 dad, stands becomes shorter as the numbers grow. Genes carry code for specific inherited traits. Ex we all have the gene for eye colours. Aka eye colour is a gene, the alleles is the variation. Alleles will tell us what eye colour that exactly is. Dna supercoil into a condensed package (chromosone) - shape of h.

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Related Questions

Suppose that in one cell in your skin, chromosome 14 and chromosome 18 exchange genetic materials. This change is inherited by subsequent cells. This is an example of a _______ mutation that is also a(n) _______.

According to the multiplication rule of probability, the chance of crossing two pea plants that are heterozygous for height and have none of four offspring showing the recessive short phenotype is:A. ¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼.

B. ¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾.

C. (¼ × ¼ × ¼ × ¼) + (¾ × ¾ × ¾ × ¾).

D. ¼ + ¼ + ¼ + ¼.

E. None of the above.

What characteristic is exhibited by an X-linked trait?

a) Only females have the trait.
b) Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
c) Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.

d) Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.

e) Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
What characteristic is exhibited by a Y-linked trait?
a) Y-linked traits appear only in male offspring of men with the trait.
b)Y-linked traits are only passed from father to son.
c) Y-linked traits can be passed from mother to son.
d) Both A and B are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
e) Both A and C are characteristics of Y-linked traits.
Which of the following codes for a phenotypic human male?
a) XO with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
b) XXYY with one copy of the SRY gene deleted?
c) XX with a copy of SRY gene on an autosomal chromosome?
d) All of the above sex compliments results in a person with a sex phenotype of male.
e) XY with the SRY gene located on an autosomal chromosome?
In Drosophila, yellow body is due to an X-linked gene (Xy) that is recessive to the gene for gray body (X+). A homozygous gray female is crossed with a yellow male. What are the genotypes of the F1 progeny?
In some goats, the presence of horns is produced by an autosomal gene that is dominant in males and recessive in females. A horned female is crossed with a hornless male. The F1 offspring are intercrossed to produce the F2. What proportion of the F2 females will have horns?
a)1/2
b)3/4
c)1/4
d) All
None
a) Females are X+X+; males are X+Y.
b)Females are X+X+; males are XyXy.
c)Females are X+X+; males are XyY.
d) Females are X+Xy; males are XyY.
e) Females are X+Xy; males are X+Y.

Females inherit X-linked traits from their maternal parent only.
Females can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent.
Males inherit X-linked traits from their paternal parent only.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.
Males can inherit a gene for an X-linked trait from either parent but normally inherit it from their fathers.

In the context of genetics, the term "expression" refers to:
a. characteristics that are inherited.

b. the way a cell makes mRNA transcript of a gene

c. how a cell looks

d. the way a cell makes a copy of a gene within DNA